Start from a neutral baseline and add what matters to you. Criteria are labeled by source — the platform baseline is architecture-neutral; buyer-contributed criteria are shown separately.
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Look for named architecture/RTOS coverage and both static + emulated analysis — static-only tools miss runtime behavior, and narrow architecture support quietly excludes much of a real device fleet.
Binary-level SBOM accuracy varies wildly between tools; strong answers cite a measured identification accuracy on reference images, not just 'we generate SBOMs.'
CVE-in-component lists without reachability/configuration context produce overwhelming noise — look for exploitability triage specific to the firmware build.
Hardcoded credentials and leftover debug access are the classic embedded findings — look for concrete detection classes, not generic 'vulnerability scanning.'
No buyer-contributed criteria yet
Verified buyers can suggest criteria (anonymized before pooling).
Update-mechanism weaknesses are how embedded fleets get compromised at scale; strong answers assess the whole update path (signing, transport, rollback protection), not just the image at rest.
Regulatory drivers (CRA especially) are why many buyers are in this category now — look for named-framework report mapping, not generic PDF exports.
Most buyers run devices they didn't build; binary-only analysis of supplier firmware plus fleet version-drift tracking is the practically valuable capability.
Look for a stated turnaround figure and real CI integration — an analysis that takes days or requires manual upload won't be run on every build.
Look for transparent, predictable scaling economics tied to realistic release cadence and product-line growth, not just a per-image price that becomes unpredictable at scale.
Strong answers describe a real forensic-analysis capability for an actual field incident, not just pre-release scanning — this is the highest-stakes use case for a device already suspected compromised.
Fleet-deployment correlation (knowing exactly which field devices need an update) is materially more actionable than firmware-image analysis alone with no connection to what's actually deployed where.
Firmware analysis and hardware-security assessment are genuinely different disciplines — a vendor should be explicit about which they provide rather than implying comprehensive device security coverage.
Trend-over-time reporting is a distinct capability from a per-image analysis report — confirm this exists as a maintained, exportable, fleet-wide report.
Look for genuine integration into a unified risk view; a standalone firmware-security dashboard disconnected from the broader VM picture creates real reconciliation burden for the security team.
A high false-positive rate creates real alert fatigue and erodes trust — ask for a real, customer-validated accuracy figure and a suppression/correction workflow.
A device maker with an acquired or diverse product portfolio needs genuine multi-architecture/multi-RTOS depth, not a tool optimized narrowly for one homogeneous line — ask for a concrete example of heterogeneous-fleet coverage.